I'm not an expert in code-breaking or in cyber security, but I wrote and maintained application code for almost 45 years before retiring.

My understanding of an RSA token (at least as we used it) is that it requires at least two parts, one of which is constant, the other is not a constant. In my case, the RSA token concept we used for years was built like that. There was an 8-digit number that was a constant, sitting somewhere, representing half the key. The second half of the key was another 8-digit number that either was on a token or in an app and this number changed every 60 seconds.

Which means that for the next 60 seconds, the key to get into my account might be 123456803857499. But in 61 seconds, the key to my account might be 1234567899482290. And if the internal timer was set differently, my keys might change every 30 seconds, or maybe every 15 seconds.

I suppose a quantum computer might be able to do the calculations fast enough to break that 16-digit code within the 60 or 30 or 15 seconds. But if the fixed numerical code was expanded from 8 to say 12 digits, and the variable number was also expanded to 12 digits, then a bazillion more combinations are possible. And eventually, I'd be willing to be that the two keys together would be long enough to beat even a quantum computer.

Of course, I can render this entire idea moot with one simple (but often overlooked) security feature: Locking an account after a very small number of invalid login attempts. I don't care if a quantum computer can perform at the speed of light; if it tries three or five invalid keys, the account is locked, and that same quantum computer will NEVER get into that account.

Man, I hadn't thought about any of this stuff in almost two years...

Just imagine how fast it will mine crypto.

Further in, the article says, "Indeed, security experts have developed post-quantum codes that even a quantum computer will not be able to crack. So it is already possible to safeguard data today against future attack by quantum computers." So it looks like defense is outrunning offense in the cybersecurity realm.

This has to be pure speculation, but speculation based on what we know to be fact: quantum computers are here, I'm thinking with Jack Secret government agencies already using them, and that it will be a big chunk of time before they're made available to everybody. Once that happens we'll all be having to plunk down cash to replace everything based on current technology (which will be rendered as dinosaur-ancient.) And of course that orders-of-magnitude increase in processing speed will open The Mother Of All Cans Of Worms on security, on OS-es built for quantum computers, on government backdoors written into OS code (by "or else" force, presumably,) and on quantum computer security going head-to-head with quantum hacking. IOW, all of the same crap we're having to deal with now, only at much faster processing speeds.

And of course all of the evil scum who latch onto any new technology to do evil things to other people will utilize this orders-of-magnitude leap in processing capacity to enhance all of the evils they're currently doing: surveillance, control, obliteration of human rights, de facto enslavement. A couple of years back I saw some link on Facebrag to an article by some "respected" tech commentator, which talked - approvingly - about a future in which an AI-type technology would become the substance of a global government, with all decisions pertaining thereto handled by that digital entity, not by people. It would take a whole lot of "archaeology" on my pack-rat collection of storage media - or worse, scrolling through reams of past Facebook posts - to find it. But what was obvious from that guy's gleeful appraisal was that he thought a collectivist dictatorship under the iron fist of a machine would somehow be different from a collectivist dictatorship under the iron fist of a flesh-and blood creep, and just peachy-wonderful for the fact of being: whizbang technology.

So as with every new technology, there will be rotten people who will use it for rotten ends; the tech itself only gains a moral dimension via the choices of those who use it, and it is the job of philosophy and of education to establish whatever safeguards can be gotten, to protect human rights against violation via those new technologies.
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Not an expert on quantum computers, but after taking a great courses on it the security features to both protect and and decipher are extraordinary.